Calculate Import Duty: Brazil to USA

Brazil is the United States' 11th-largest goods supplier, leading in agricultural products (coffee, orange juice, sugar, beef), industrial intermediates (iron ore, steel), and a growing share of manufactured goods (aircraft, footwear). The duty calculation in 2026 stacks MFN HTS plus 15 percent Section 122, with sectoral overlays on steel (Section 232), agricultural TRQs, and active anti-dumping orders.

This guide breaks down the layers with worked examples. Run real numbers in the calculator.

The duty layers for Brazil to USA

For a typical Brazil to USA entry in 2026:

1. MFN HTS rate.
2. TRQ in-quota vs over-quota rate for certain agricultural goods (beef, sugar, dairy, tobacco).
3. Section 122 reciprocal tariff of 15 percent.
4. Section 232 at 25 percent on steel and aluminum derivatives with melt-and-pour origin tracking.
5. AD/CVD on specific products (hot-rolled and cold-rolled steel, OJ, silicomanganese, etc.).
6. MPF and HMF.
7. No Section 301 (Brazil-specific Section 301 investigation on intellectual property was opened in 2024 but no tariff order issued as of mid-2026).

TRQ products from Brazil

Several Brazilian agricultural exports flow through US tariff-rate quotas:

• Beef (HTS 0201, 0202): in-quota rate around 4.4 cents/kg; over-quota 26.4 percent ad valorem. Brazil's TRQ allocation is small and usually filled mid-year.
• Sugar (HTS 1701): TRQ at very low in-quota rates; over-quota at 35-37 USD/kg specific (effectively prohibitive). Brazil receives an annual TRQ allocation set by USTR.
• Tobacco (chapter 24): TRQs apply on certain types.
• Cheese: TRQ.

For TRQ products, the in-quota fill rate is announced quarterly. Once the quota is filled for the calendar year, the over-quota rate applies, which is often prohibitive.

Worked example: 200,000 USD of green coffee

You are importing 50,000 kg of green Arabica coffee from Minas Gerais. Total invoice 200,000 USD CIF Houston, including 7,000 USD ocean freight and 600 USD insurance. HTS 0901.11.00, MFN 0 percent.

Effective rate: 15.4 percent on FOB. Brazilian coffee, which used to enter completely duty-free, now carries a 15 percent effective duty because of Section 122. This has caused significant friction in the US specialty coffee supply chain in 2026, with several roasters pre-buying inventory ahead of the 122 implementation.

Try this with your own values in the calculator.

Worked example: 150,000 USD of Brazilian-origin hot-rolled steel

Steel imports from Brazil face the heaviest stack. HTS 7208.36.00 (hot-rolled steel sheet), MFN 0 percent, Section 232 at 25 percent, plus an active AD order with producer-specific rates running from 11 to 35 percent. Section 122 does not stack on Section 232 (anti-stacking rule).

For a hypothetical 150,000 USD shipment from a cooperating producer with an AD rate of 11 percent:

Effective rate: 36.5 percent of FOB on a 0 percent MFN line. This is why Brazilian steel exports to the US dropped sharply between 2018 and 2025.

Section 232 and melt-and-pour for Brazil

Brazil has been alternately exempt and included in Section 232 since 2018. The 2025 melt-and-pour rule means Section 232 follows the origin of the steel melt source, not just the country of final fabrication. Brazilian-finished pipe made from Brazilian melt is squarely Brazilian-origin for 232 purposes.

A small TRQ for Brazilian steel exempts a quota volume from Section 232 at certain times; the quota is allocated quarterly by Commerce. Once the quarterly quota fills, the 25 percent applies.

High-traffic HS chapters for Brazil to USA

• Chapter 9 (coffee, tea): green and roasted coffee, 0 percent MFN, but 15 percent Section 122 in 2026.
• Chapter 20 (prepared fruits and vegetables): orange juice (HTS 2009.11, 2009.19) faces an active AD order; specific rates per producer.
• Chapter 2 (meat): beef under TRQ, with high over-quota rates.
• Chapter 17 (sugars): TRQ; tight allocation.
• Chapter 64 (footwear): Brazil is a major leather footwear exporter. MFN 8.5 percent on most leather uppers, plus 15 percent Section 122.
• Chapter 72, 73 (iron and steel): Section 232 plus AD/CVD.
• Chapter 88 (aircraft): Embraer regional jets. Most subheadings 0 percent MFN under the WTO Civil Aircraft Agreement. Section 122 status complicated; some exemptions for civil aircraft parts.
• Chapter 47, 48 (pulp, paper): Brazil is a top exporter. MFN 0 percent on most lines.

Brazil's Mercosur context

Brazil is a Mercosur member. The bloc's Common External Tariff applies to imports into Brazil, not to Brazil's exports. For US-bound Brazilian goods, Mercosur is mostly irrelevant. See Mercosur TEC: Calculating Argentina/Brazil/Paraguay/Uruguay Duty for the import side.

Anti-dumping orders against Brazilian products

Active US AD/CVD orders against Brazilian exports as of June 2026:

• Carbon and certain alloy steel wire rod
• Cold-rolled steel flat products
• Hot-rolled steel flat products
• Certain steel pipe (oil country tubular goods, welded line pipe, standard pipe)
• Frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ)
• Silicomanganese
• Certain emulsion styrene-butadiene rubber

Rates are producer-specific. Cash deposit rates are set in the most recent administrative review. New producers can request a new shipper review to establish their own rate.

How the calculator handles this lane

When you select Origin: Brazil and Destination: USA in the calculator:

1. Looks up MFN HTS rate.
2. Identifies TRQ products and prompts for quota status (in or over quota).
3. Applies Section 122 at 15 percent.
4. Checks chapter 72, 73, 76 for Section 232 with melt-and-pour origin question.
5. Flags AD/CVD orders for steel, OJ, silicomanganese.
6. Notes excise tax considerations for alcohol and tobacco categories.

Related guides

• Calculate Import Duty: Mexico to USA
• Mercosur TEC: Calculating Argentina/Brazil/Paraguay/Uruguay Duty
• Steel HS Codes Under Section 232
• What is Section 122? The 2026 Reciprocal Tariff Explained
• Section 232 vs 301 vs 122: How US Tariffs Stack in 2026
• Duty Drawback: Are You Owed a Refund?

Run a Brazil-to-USA number in the calculator.