Calculate Import Duty: Thailand to USA

Thailand is the 14th-largest source of US imports by value, with exports concentrated in electronics, vehicles, rubber, jewelry, and processed foods. Like Vietnam, Thailand has benefited significantly from US-China trade tensions, with Foxconn, Western Digital, and many other manufacturers expanding Thai operations to escape Section 301.

The 2026 duty calculation is straightforward: MFN HTS plus 15 percent Section 122. No Section 301. No FTA. The calculator handles the stack.

The duty layers for Thailand to USA

For a typical Thai entry in 2026:

1. MFN HTS rate.
2. Section 122 at 15 percent.
3. Section 232 on steel and aluminum (no Thailand-specific TRQ).
4. AD/CVD if applicable: certain steel, certain solar (circumvention), some chemicals.
5. MPF and HMF.
6. No Section 301.
7. No GSP (GSP lapsed; Thailand was a GSP beneficiary historically but Thailand was excluded from extensions before lapse).

Worked example: 400,000 USD of Thai hard disk drives

Western Digital and Seagate have major HDD assembly operations in Thailand. Total invoice 400,000 USD CIF Long Beach, including 18,000 USD ocean freight (some HDD ships air, some sea) and 1,200 USD insurance. HTS 8471.70 (storage units), MFN 0 percent under WTO ITA.

Effective rate 15.5 percent. Section 122 took Thai HDDs from essentially duty-free to a 15 percent effective rate overnight in February 2026.

Run your own numbers in the calculator.

Worked example: 100,000 USD of Thai natural rubber

Thailand is the world's largest natural rubber producer. Total invoice 100,000 USD FOB Bangkok, 6,500 USD freight, 600 USD insurance. HTS 4001.21 (smoked sheets, technically specified rubber), MFN 0 percent.

Thai natural rubber was a clean 0 percent for decades. Section 122 added 15 percent in February 2026. US tire makers (Goodyear, Bridgestone US, Michelin US) absorbed the increase or passed it through.

High-traffic HS chapters for Thailand to USA

Chapter 84 and 85: machinery and electronics

HDDs, integrated circuits assembled in Thai plants, consumer electronics. Most lines 0 percent MFN under ITA. Section 122 applies.

Chapter 40: rubber

Natural rubber (4001), rubber tires (4011, 4013), rubber gloves (4015). Mostly 0 percent MFN. Section 122 applies.

Chapter 87: vehicles and parts

Thailand is a major regional auto assembly hub (Toyota, Honda, Mitsubishi). Pickup trucks face the 25 percent "chicken tax" MFN, total 40 percent with 122. Passenger cars 2.5 percent plus 15 percent = 17.5 percent.

Chapter 71: jewelry and gems

Cut colored stones and gold/silver jewelry. MFN 0 to 6.5 percent. Section 122 applies.

Chapter 16, 20, 21: prepared foods

Canned tuna, prepared seafood, sauces. MFN varies; some specific duties. Section 122 applies on ad valorem equivalent.

Chapter 39, 40: plastics and rubber

Specialty resins, processed rubber. MFN 4 to 6.5 percent. Section 122 adds 15.

Transshipment risk for Thailand

The Commerce Department affirmed circumvention findings for Chinese solar cells and modules through Thailand in 2024-25. The result: certain Thai-finished solar modules using Chinese cells are now subject to the China AD/CVD orders.

Other categories watched for transshipment:

• Aluminum extrusions (preliminary circumvention finding)
• Hardwood plywood (under investigation)
• Mattresses (already covered by Vietnam circumvention; Thailand watched)
• Bicycles (no formal finding but pattern noted)

For importers sourcing from Thailand, the safe practice is to require:

• Producer certification of substantial transformation in Thailand.
• Bill of materials with country of origin per component.
• For solar modules: cell-level country of origin.

Anti-dumping orders on Thai goods

Active US AD/CVD orders against Thai exports as of June 2026 include:

• Carbon steel pipe and tube
• Certain stainless steel products
• Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film
• Crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells/modules (circumvention scope)
• Citric acid (some Thai producers)

Producer-specific rates.

Country of origin: substantial transformation

Standard test. Thai-finished goods using Thai labor and significant value-add are Thai-origin. Light assembly of Chinese components into a final product in Thailand is the gray area. Specific Customs binding rulings (CROSS database) should be consulted.

Customs procedures

Standard US import. ISF-10. Commercial invoice with HTS at 8 digits, country of origin Thailand, terms (Incoterms 2020).

For solar modules, additional documentation is required to demonstrate non-circumvention: cell production records, supplier declarations, certificates of origin for cells separately from modules.

Customs procedures specific to Thailand

Standard US import procedures. ISF-10 for ocean cargo. Most Thai exports to the US ship through Laem Chabang port to Long Beach, Oakland, or Newark.

For natural rubber and processed rubber categories (chapter 40), commercial invoices should include moisture and dirt content specifications because grading affects pricing. Buyers often require Standard Indonesian Rubber (SIR) or Standard Thai Rubber (STR) grading certificates.

For pickup trucks under chapter 87, additional regulatory documents include the EPA 3520-1 (emissions certification), the DOT HS-7 (safety certification), and the manufacturer's statement of origin (MSO). The 25 percent chicken tax is a significant economic barrier, which is why most Japanese OEMs assemble pickups in Thailand for the Asia market but not for export to the US.

Worked example: 350,000 USD of Thai pickup trucks (theoretical)

Suppose a US importer attempted to bring in 350,000 USD of one-ton pickup trucks from Thailand. HTS 8704.21 (motor vehicles for transport of goods, 5 tons or less, diesel). MFN 25 percent (the chicken tax). Plus 15 percent Section 122.

Effective duty 40.3 percent. The chicken tax has effectively excluded foreign-built pickups from the US market for decades; Thailand's massive pickup industry exports almost everywhere except the US.

Substantial transformation considerations

The cleanest Thai-origin cases are where Thai labor and capital build the product from raw or near-raw inputs. The riskier cases are light assembly of mostly-imported parts. For consumer electronics, CBP looks for genuine value-add in Thailand: not just final assembly, but PCBA, calibration, programming, and quality control. Documentation of the value share added in Thailand is important if questions arise.

How the calculator handles this lane

When you select Origin: Thailand and Destination: USA in the calculator:

1. Looks up MFN HTS rate.
2. Applies 15 percent Section 122.
3. Checks chapter 72, 73, 76 for Section 232 with melt-and-pour origin.
4. Flags AD/CVD scope including circumvention findings (solar, aluminum, mattresses).
5. Adds MPF and HMF.

Related guides

• Calculate Import Duty: Vietnam to USA
• Calculate Import Duty: China to USA
• Calculate Import Duty: Indonesia to USA
• What is Section 122? The 2026 Reciprocal Tariff Explained
• USMCA Origin Rules: What Qualifies and What Doesn't
• Chapter 84 vs 85: Machinery vs Electrical

Run a Thailand-to-USA number in the calculator.